Electricity interconnectors are physical links that allow electricity to flow between two countries or regions. They play a critical role in balancing supply and demand of energy, enhancing energy security, and integrating renewable energy sources into the grid. Interconnectors help to smooth out the peaks and troughs of demand on the system. Interconnectors consist of high-voltage cables, both subsea (underwater) and overland. Subsea cables are common for connecting countries separated by seas or oceans, like Great Britain, Germany, France, Belgium, Denmark, Norway and Ireland. At either end of an interconnector, there are converter stations that convert electricity between direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC), depending on the needs of the connected grids.